Jean Buridan, in his Summulae de Dialectica, also describes rules of conversion that follow the lines of De Morgan’s laws. Still, De Morgan is given credit for stating the laws in the terms of modern formal logic, and incorporating them into the language of logic. Nevertheless, a similar observation was made by Aristotle, and was known to Greek and Medieval logicians. For example, in the 14th century, William of Ockham wrote down the words that would result by reading the laws out. De Morgan’s formulation was influenced by algebraization of logic undertaken by George Boole, which later cemented De Morgan’s claim to the find. The laws are named after Augustus De Morgan (1806–1871), who introduced a formal version of the laws to classical propositional logic. They are prevalent enough to be dignified by a special name: DeMorgan’s laws. There are two pairs of logically equivalent statements that come up again and again in logic. Use DeMorgan’s laws to define logical equivalences of a statement.Determine whether two statements are logically equivalent.Write truth tables given a logical implication, and it’s related statements – converse, inverse, and contrapositive.Use a truth table to interpret complex statements or conditionals.Use statements and conditionals to write and interpret expressions.Combine sets using Boolean logic, using proper notations.
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